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Dictionary of African Biography: Abach - Brand - Google Books Result

Apr 5, 2017 ... By the French conquest of Algeria in 1830, the Jews had established large communities, mostly in the north of the country and on the Mediterranean coast ( Algiers, Constantine, Oran, Tlemcen, etc.). They were led by a “chief Jew” (sheikh al-yahud) with extensive powers. In 1845, a law was passed ...